wiggin



UNI ED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EoL'LIN H. WIGGIN, OF EAST oEANeE, NEW JERSEY, AssmNoE ro H. B. wiesm's soNs serum, ELoomEI Ln, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION on NEW JERSEY.

PEBOCESS 0F PRODUCING WALL -GOVERINGAND PRODUCT THEREOF.

1,313,658. No Drawing.

description there f.

The object of my invention has'been to provide a fabric wall covering which shall be water-resisting, and a process of making the same, which shall have, among others, the following advantages: that of enabling the fabric to be made either with its natural texture or with a filled surface; that of enabling the face of the goods to be thorou hly water-resisting while leavin the back 0 the goods sufficiently water-solu le; that of employing onl aqueous solutions of the waterproofing su stances, and specifically that of employmg an albuminoid substance rendered insoluble b the action of formaldehyde, and an inso uble softenin agent, such as an insoluble soap or linsee 011, and to such endsv my invention consists in the water-resistin fabric and process of makin the same ereinafter specified.

y invention is capable of embodiment in many different forms, and While I shall describe that embodiment which is the best one known to me, it is to be taken as illustrative only of many possible embodiments. In the illustrated embodiment, I use a 36 strip of cotton cloth but may use any suitable fabric. I wish to make the fabric water-resisting so that, for instance, 1t can be cleaned, and do so by treatment'with an albuminoid" substance, rendered insoluble by- 40, the action of formaldehyde, and an insoluble softening agent such as an insoluble soap or linseed Q11.

In the partlcular instance chosen for il-- lustration, the process of making the fabric is as follows:'

The fabric is run through various ma-.

chines coininon in the art of treating fabrics, and for convenience -I shall refer to the various passagfis of the goods through the machines as un No. '1,

is first given a (11p .run on a padding ma- Speclfication of Letters Patent.

eth. The fabric.

Patented Aug. 19, 1919.

Application filed September 9, 1915. SerialNo. 49,682.

chine. An example ofa mixture suitable for use on the first run is as follows:

56 lbs. clay mixture 'made up of 28 lbs.

clay and 28 lbs. Water.

64: water i 9' wheat fi our 2 glue 8 water 60 Preservative Coloringmatter.

The mixture is made as follows? 28 lbs. of clay is mixed with 28 lbs. of water; 9 lbs. of flour is mixed with 64 lbs. of water; 3 65 lbs'. of glue is mixed with 8 lbs. of water and brought toa boil. The whole is then mixed and cooked until homogeneous. The object of thisrun is'to decrease theabsorption of the fabric, making the foundation for the other runs.

The second run is through a coat machine by which a filling run is appl i ds to the face of the goods, the object being to fill u the interstices between the threads. suitable mixture for this run is as follows:

68 lbs. clay mixture made by soaking 16 equal amounts of clay and water water 1O corn starch .10 wheat flour 16 of a solution made by boiling 1 part, by Weight, of linseed with 16 parts, by weight, of' water and straining 0d the undissolved portion. '20 of casein solution made by dis solving one part, .by weight,.of casein in four parts, by Weight, of dilute ammonia. I 10 of mixture made as follows, and which may be called the oil mixture. 5' 4 casein (dry) 10 lithographic varnish 10 hot water' 5 ammonia.

'In, makingthe. mixture, mix the casein with 2%135. ammonia and 5 lbs. water, and heat. the lithographic varnish with 232" lbs. ammonia and 5 lbs. of water and heat; then mix the two and stir until homogeneous.

Coloring matter Heat and stir the whole until homo geneous.

The third run is a repetition of the sec-' ond run.

- The fourth and fifth runs are made on a printing machine and are for the purpose of applying afinishing coat containing an albuminoid such as casein, glue, albumen or ossibly gluten, and a soluble softener. en the albuminoid is rendered insoluble,

as later described, it becomes too brittle and hard, and the function of. the softening agent, such as an insoluble soap or linseed oil, is to introduce an insoluble softening agent to overcome the brittleness of the insoluble albuminoid substance. 'I desireto get the substances into the cloth in-a condition soluble in water so as to'avoid the use of inflammable solvents, and then to render them insoluble after the fabric has either been coated or impregnated with these substances.

purpose is as follows:

A suitable composition for the fourth and fifth runs i as follows;

17 lbs. 8 oz. of oil mixture, as above,

1" 12 of alcohol, 1 12 of water (hot). I Suitable amount of coloring matter either dye 'or pigment; c

The sixth rug, whenused, is the printin of a design upon the fabric, and is applie I The seventh run is, or may be, the appli cation of a solution which renders insoluble the albuminoid and softening agent's put on bythe printer. A suitable mixture for this 20 lbs. water,

1 40%formal'dehyde,

8 oz. sulfate of alumina.

The eighth 'run is to put, a backing upon the back of the fabric, .This plished on aflcoating machine. Any wellknown composition may be. sed as my-invention does not relate specifically to. it. The

object of the backing is to cause the fabric to adhere to a wall when pasted. with flour paste or other suitable adhesive. y '.Between each two runs the goods are dried, as over cylinders heated by steam.

, It will be noted that in the compositions used for the first six runs an albuminold substance is present. For instance, in the is accom:

first run there is glue or casein present as an albuminoid substance. I

In the second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth runs there is a soluble soap formed by the lithographic varnish (which is boiled linseed oil) mixed with ammonia. I

In the seventh run the formaldehyde renders the albumi-noic substance insoluble and the sulfate; of alumina render the soluble soap insoluble. Any insoluble soap,'such as lead soap or magnesia soap can be used as well as that found in the above formulae, and any. suitable soluble soap can be used and rendered insoluble by the use of any suitable water-soluble precipitant.

In the composition for the second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth runs, linseed oil can be used which. has not been saponified, but in that event the alumor sulfate of alumina would be omitted from the seventh imn.

' My above described fabric and the process of making the same, have, among others, the following advantages: The fabric is water- 'resisting so that, it can be cleaned. In the process of making it, the used inflammable solvents is avoided. .The Water-resisting the specification is meant substantially inand a water-abso quality is sufiiciently perfect for all practical purposes on the exposed face of the goods, and yet the portionsof the fabric toward the back are not so insoluble that a backing which would take hold of flourpaste or other water soluble adhesive on the wall cannot penetrate the goods and take hold of them. The fabric is coated or impregnated with the substances which render it waterproof by the use of water solutions carrying said substances, and the said sub' stances are then rendered waterproof in situ. By the'term insoluble as used in solu ble'in water. By the term water-soluble and similar terms is meant capable of being carried in water as a vehicle,whether literall solubleor only in suspension.

App icant throughout his specification and claims intends the terms proteid and .albuminoid as having the same meaning.

I claim:'

1. A fabric haviiLg a water-resisting face r ent back, the body 0 the fabric in between said face and back increasing in water-solubility from the face to v the back. I

2-. A fabric wall covering havin' a waterresisting face, and a water-abson ent back,

the body of the fabric inbetween said face 'and back, increasingflin water-solubility from the face to the back. 3. A process of producing a fabric hav-' ing a water-resistin surface, comprising 1 impregnating said fa ric with an aqueous. solution of an albuminoid substance and with a soluble soap, and rendering said albuminoid substance insoluble with a solution of formaldehyde and said soap insolu- 1 ble with an aqueous solution of a water- 'soluble metallic salt. Y

' 4. A'prgoess of producing a fabrichava ing a water-resisting surface, comprising impregnating said fabric with an aqueous solution of an albuminoid substance and with a soluble soap, and renderin said albuminoid substance insoluble wit a solu tion of formaldehyde and said soap insoluble with an aqueous solution of a watersoluble metallic saltsuch as sulfate of alumina.

5. The process which comprises treating a fabric with a solution containing an albuminoid and a soluble soap, subjecting the treated fabric to the action of a formaldehyde solution and rendering the soap insoluble.

6. The process which comprises treatin a fabric with a solution containin an a buminoid and a soluble soap, and su jecting the treated fabric to the action of a solution containin formaldehyde and a water-soluble metal ic salt.

7. The process which comprises treating a fabric with an albuminous solution containing casein and also containing a soluble soap, then subjecting the treated fabric to the action of. a formaldehyde solution and rendering the soap insoluble.

In testimony that I claim. the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand.

' ROLLIN H. WIGGIN.

Witnesses:

JOHN R. Wnnms, I Axum O. Bmum. 

